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C# Fundamentals Part 2 Summary

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Boolean Logic

• A Boolean data type represents the the values true and false.
• Like arithmetic, Boolean expressions have a number of operators for performing comparisons and logic operations.
  • == Equality
  • != Inequality
  • > Greater than
  • < Less than
  • >= Greater than or equal to
  • <= Less than or equal to
  • && Logical AND
  • || Logical OR
  • ! Logical Negation (Not)

Selection Statements

• Selection statements allow a program to make decisions and execute different sections of code based on conditions.
  • The if statement will execute a block of code if the specified condition is true.
  • The else if can follow an if statement. It can provide an additional condition to check if the if statement condition is false. You can have multiple else if statements chained together.
  • The else statement executes a block of code if none of the proceeding if or else if conditions are true. The else statement does not require a condition to be specified.

Iteration Statements

• Iteration statements repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition is true. Iteration can also be referred to as looping.

• The while loop will repeatedly execute a block of code as long as the specified condition remains true. While loops are typically used when the number of iterations are not predetermined.

• The for loop executes a block of code a set number of times based on three statements: the initialization, condition, and the final expression, which is some increment/decrement operation.

• A loop terminates when it has finished executing its iterations.

• A code block associated with a loop is referred to as the loop body.

• A sentinel value is a special value used to terminate a loop.

Nesting

• Nesting to placing one control structure, such as an if statement or loop, inside another, allowing for complex decision-making and repeated actions within repeated actions or conditions.